Кацусика Хокусай. Тридцать шесть видов Фудзи: № 42. Отражение в озере Мисака в провинции Каи

Katsushika Hokusai. Reflection in Lake at Misaka in Kai Province, from the series Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji

 

 

 

 

Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji depicts the mountain in every season and type of weather and from different perspectives. This view of Mount Fuji and its reflection in the placid lake can be seen from Misaka Pass, reached by the Isawa road, which branches off the main road to Edo. Hokusai balanced the composition by placing the mountain slightly to the right and its reflection to the left. The lone fisherman in his boat enhances the serenity. Ironically, the reflection of Mount Fuji shows a snow-capped peak, an element missing from the mountain itself. The two views of the mountain perhaps represent two seasons, with the traditional and more familiar view being the image in the water. This pictorial trick encourages the viewer to focus on the reflection. (The Metropolitan Museum of Art)

 

...this print showcases a beautiful scene of human civilization living within the natural world of Japan. Light green rolling hills contrasted with deep green pine tree forests fill the middleground of the piece and give a disitivive feeling of depth to the artwork. Small village huts scour the shoreline of the calm lake which gracefully matches the composition and prussian blue shading of the sky above it. Floating peacefully in the lake, a narrow wooden boat can be seen resting in the water with its bow pointing towards a village inlet. Sitting in the background, Japan’s iconic Mount Fuji towers over the village below it and boasts a snowy white peak for all to admire. Under closer examination, the mountain’s reflection within the lake fails to align with reality’s expectations and depicts a more rugged view of the mountain that appears to be an impressional, seemingly inverted version of the mountain’s natural topography. Unique to this print, it appears as if Hokusai’s goal was to present two different views of the mountain within a single woodblock print – one view that offers the physical presence of a snow covered peak suggesting the beginnings of the cold season, and one that highlights the true beauty of the mountain’s natural rocky summit. With the tangible mountain sitting far north in the artwork, viewers are left to question if the offset reflection of Mount Fuji would ever be possible in the real world.          

 

Taking a closer look at the colors of the image, the painting’s prussian blue pigment used in the lake and sky can be found in countless pieces of Japanese artwork such as Hokusai’s famous Great Wave and Ukita Ikkei’s Tale of a Strange Marriage. The prussian blue color is particularly common in Japanese landscape paintings for the depiction of deep oceans, rivers, and skies and can be credited for the rise of the Aizuri-e (“blue printed picture”) genre of Japanese ukiyo-e (pictures of the floating world”) prints. Overall, the usage of this blue pigment across various pieces of historical Japanese paintings highlights the artistic importance of the color across time and mediums. (conncoll.edu)

 

The reflection of the mountain is the key motif in this print. Hasui's image focuses on the movement of water and light, which is clearly a result of his mastery of Western techniques. Meanwhile, Hokusai's reflection is clear and still. Hokusai's reflection depicts a snow-covered Mount Fuji, yet the real mountain above is bare. Hokusai appears to be attempting to show both faces of this famous and sacred mountain. (from Nostalgic Japan exhibition 6/8/2005-)

 

Mount Fuji, with its steep pitch toward the summit, rises behind a village of houses with brown-thatched roofs. The woodlands, indicated by dark green vegetation, expand to the lower foothills and mountains. Before them lies Lake Kawaguchi, its smooth, mirrorlike surface reflecting Mount Fuji. The approaching small boat might disturb the reflection. Misaka Pass lies at the north side of Lake Kawaguchi. Mount Fuji, seen from the north beyond this lake, presents a different look with its rugged surface. This print seems to show the rougher character of the mountain. The reflection of Fuji in this print is of course not true to the laws of optics. Here, Hokusai seems to have wanted to show both of Fuji’s faces – the snow-covered gray mountain commonly remembered or imagined by most people as well as the rugged brown Fuji as it appears in reality beyond the lake. (The Asian Art Museum of San Francisco, HOKUSAI AND HIROSHIGE – Great Japanese Prints from the James A. Michener Collection, Honolulu Academy of Arts: The Asian Art Museum of San Francisco, 1998 Page 89. Cat. 40)

 

Lake Kawaguchi (here called Lake Misaka after nearby Misaka Pass) is shown perfectly still, undisturbed by even the small boat in the lower right. A mirror image of Mount Fuji is reflected upon its surface. However, upon close examination it becomes evident that the volcano and its reflection are not in fact the same. Looking at Mount Fuji from the north, its rough surface is revealed, here devoid of the usual snow covering its peak. On the other hand, the reflection shows an idealized view of the mountain, capped with snow and without any imperfections as its smooth surface extends into the lake. Hokusai seems to suggest two different aspects of the mountain, one with a strong physical presence, and one that is otherworldly, a spiritualized “true form” of which the uninitiated can catch but a rare glimpse through this print. “Hokusai’s Summit: Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji” (09/24/2009-01/06/2010)

 

 

Katsushika Hokusai. Reflection in Lake at Misaka in Kai Province, from the series Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji

 

 

Отражение в озере Мисака в провинции Каи

 

Если по дороге Косю отправиться из Кофу в Эдо, то первой станцией будет Исава. Если отправиться на юго-восток по горной дороге, которая отделяется от Исава, и выйти на гору Мисака, то внизу будет простираться одно из пяти озер Фудзи — Кавагутико, в котором можно почти вплотную увидеть облик прекрасной и благородной Фудзи. Для путешественников, которые идут пешком, пожалуй, нет ничего приятнее, чем отдых на горном перевале, где усиливается иллюзия панорамного видения гор. Нет художника, который, сталкиваясь с обратной стороной удивительного вида Фудзи, отражающегося в озере, так отобразил бы прекрасный пейзаж, как это сделал Хокусай. Однако, что касается связи между действительным изображением Фудзи и ложным, которое отражается на поверхности озера, то Хокусаю, однозначно, не достает чувства реальности, хотя, возможно, он сознательно отказывается от него. Дело в том, что если мысленно провести ось между правым и левым берегами озера, то очертания формы и поверхности горы окажутся смешенными. В данной гравюре Хокусая больше всего привлекали причудливые формы и образы.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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№№	Изображение / Image	Название / Title
1		Мост Нихонбаси в Эдо   冨嶽三十六景　江戸日本橋   Nihonbashi in Edo   Edo Nihonbashi
2		Суруга-тё в Эдо   冨嶽三十六景　江都駿河町三井見世略図   Mitsui Shop at Surugachō in Edo   Edo Surugachō Mitsui mise ryaku zu
3		Район Сундай в Эдо   冨嶽三十六景　東都駿台   Surugadai in Edo   Tōto Sundai
4		Храм Хонгадзи в районе Асакуса в Эдо   冨嶽三十六景　東都浅草本願寺   Honganji at Asakusa in Edo   Tōto Asakusa Honganji
5		Река Татэкава в Хондзё   冨嶽三十六景　本所立川   Tatekawa in Honjō   Honjō Tatekawa
6		Под мостом Маннэн близ Фукугава   冨嶽三十六景　深川万年橋下   Under the Mannen Bridge at Fukagawa   Fukagawa Mannenbashi shita
7		Садзаэ-до, храм Пятисот Архатов   冨嶽三十六景　五百らかん寺さざゐどう   Sazai Hall at the Temple of the Five Hundred Arhats   Gohyaku Rakanji Sazaidō
8		Сосна в Аояме   冨嶽三十六景　青山円座松   Cushion Pine at Aoyama   Aoyama enza no matsu
9		Водяная мельница в Ондене   冨嶽三十六景　隠田の水車   The Waterwheel at Onden   Onden no suisha
10		Низовье реки Мэгуро   冨嶽三十六景　下目黒   Lower Meguro   Shimo Meguro
11		Снежное утро на реке Коисикава   冨嶽三十六景　礫川雪の旦   Morning after the Snow at Koishikawa in Edo   Koishikawa yuki no ashita
12		Ночной вид на мост Рёгокубаси с берега реки Оммаяга   葛飾北斎画　冨嶽三十六景　御厩川岸より両国橋夕陽見   Viewing the Sunset over Ryōgoku Bridge from the Onmaya Embankment   Onmayagashi yori Ryōgokubashi sekiyō o miru
13		Деревня Сэкия на реке Сумида   冨嶽三十六景　隅田川関屋の里   Sekiya Village on the Sumida River   Sumidagawa Sekiya no sato
14		Мост Сэндзю в провинции Мусаси   冨嶽三十六景　武州千住   Senju in Musashi Province   Bushū Senju
15		Вид на гору Фудзи из развлекательного квартала в Сэндзю   冨嶽三十六景　従千住花街眺望の不二   Fuji Seen in the Distance from Senju Pleasure Quarter   Senju kagai yori chōbō no Fuji
16		Остров Цукудадзима в провинции Мусаси   冨嶽三十六景　武陽佃島   Tsukudajima in Musashi Province   Buyō Tsukudajima
17		Морской путь в Кадзусу   冨嶽三十六景　上総の海路   At Sea off Kazusa   Kazusa no kairo
18		Залив Нобото   冨嶽三十六景　登戸浦   Noboto Bay   Noboto no ura
19		Канал Усибори в провинции Хитати   冨嶽三十六景　常州牛掘   Ushibori in Hitachi Province   Jōshū Ushibori
20		Вид на Фудзи с горы Готэнъяма у реки Синагава   冨嶽三十六景　東海道品川御殿山の不二   Fuji from Gotenyama at Shinagawa on the Tōkaidō   Tōkaidō Shinagawa Gotenyama no Fuji
21		Большая волна в Канагаве   冨嶽三十六景　神奈川沖浪裏   Under the Wave off Kanagawa   Kanagawa oki nami ura
22		Река Тама в провинции Мусаси   葛飾北斎画　冨嶽三十六景　武州玉川   Tama River in Musashi Province   Bushū Tamagawa
23		Район Ходогая, тракт Токайдо   冨嶽三十六景　東海道保土ケ谷   Hodogaya on the Tōkaidō   Tōkaidō Hodogaya
24		Побережье Ситиригахама в провинции Сагами   冨嶽三十六景　相州七里浜   Shichirigahama in Sagami Province   Sōshū Shichirigahama
25		Остров Эносима в провинции Сагами   冨嶽三十六景　相州江の島   Enoshima in Sagami Province   Sōshū Enoshima
26		Накахара в провинции Сагами   冨嶽三十六景　相州仲原   Nakahara in Sagami Province   Sōshū Nakahara
27		Местность Умэдзава в провинции Сагами   冨嶽三十六景　相州梅沢左   Umezawa Manor in Sagami Province   Sōshū Umezawa zai
28		Озеро в Хаконе в провинции Сагами   冨嶽三十六景　相州箱根湖水   The Lake at Hakone in Sagami Province   Sōshū Hakone kosui
29		Перевал Мисимагоэ в провинции Каи   冨嶽三十六景　甲州三島越   Mishima Pass in Kai Province   Kōshū Mishima goe
30		Вид Фудзи от чайных плантаций Катакура в провинции Цуруга   冨嶽三十六景　駿州片倉茶園の不二   Fuji from the Katakura Tea Fields in Suruga   Sunshū Katakura chaen no Fuji
31		Оносиндэн в провинции Суруга   冨嶽三十六景 駿州大野新田   The New Fields at Ōno in Suruga Province   Sunshū Ōno shinden
32		Ливень под горой   冨嶽三十六景 山下白雨   Storm below Mount Fuji   Sanka no haku u
33		«Победный ветер. Ясный день» или «Красная Фудзи»   冨嶽三十六景 凱風快晴   South Wind, Clear Sky   Gaifū kaisei
34		Восхождение на гору   冨嶽三十六景 諸人登山   Groups of Mountain Climbers   Shojin tozan
35		Бухта Эдзири в провинции Суруга   冨嶽三十六景 駿州江尻   Ejiri in Suruga Province   Sunshū Ejiri
36		Изображение пляжа Тагоноура в Эдзири, тракт Токайдо   冨嶽三十六景 東海道江尻田子の浦略図   Tago Bay near Ejiri on the Tōkaidō   Tōkaidō Ejiri Tago no ura ryaku zu
37		Вид на Фудзи из Каная, на дороге Токайдо   葛飾北斎画 冨嶽三十六景 東海道金谷の不二   Fuji Seen from Kanaya on the Tōkaidō   Tōkaidō Kanaya no Fuji
38		В горах Тотоми   冨嶽三十六景　遠江山中   In the Mountains of Tōtomi Province   Tōtomi sanchū
39		Ёсида на тракте Токайдо   冨嶽三十六景　東海道吉田   Yoshida on the Tōkaidō   Tōkaidō Yoshida
40		Равнина Фудзимигахара в провинции Овари   冨嶽三十六景　尾州不二見原   Fujimigahara in Owari Province   Bishū Fujimigahara
41		Перевал Инуме в провинции Каи   冨嶽三十六景　甲州犬目峠   The Inume Pass in Kai Province   Kōshū Inume tōge
42		Отражение в озере Мисака в провинции Каи   冨嶽三十六景　甲州三坂水面   Reflection in Lake at Misaka in Kai Province   Kōshū Misaka suimen
43		Утренняя заря в Исава провинции Каи   冨嶽三十六景　甲州伊沢暁   Dawn at Isawa in Kai Province   Kōshū Isawa no akatsuki
44		Озеро Сувако в провинции Синано   冨嶽三十六景　信州諏訪湖   Lake Suwa in Shinano Province   Shinshū Suwako
45		Болото Кадзикадзава в провинции Каи   冨嶽三十六景　甲州石班沢   Kajikazawa in Kai Province   Kōshū Kajikazawa
46		Обратная сторона Фудзи. Вид со стороны реки Минобугава   冨嶽三十六景　身延川裏不二   View from the Other Side of Fuji from the Minobu River   Minobugawa ura Fuji